MODULE 2 : HERITAGE WALK AND CRAFTS CORNER

 

Module 2: Heritage Walk

 

2.1 Introduction:

 

A heritage walk in Chitradurga is a fascinating journey through history and culture, offering a glimpse into the rich past of this remarkable city. Situated in Karnataka, India, Chitradurga is renowned for its formidable fortifications and historic significance.

This walk invites participants to explore the iconic Chitradurga Fort, Known as "Kallina Kote" or Stone Fortress, this fort is famous for its intricate architecture and seven concentric walls. Explore ancient temples, gateways, and reservoirs within the fort.

Visit the Hidimbeshwara Temple, dedicated to the legendary figure Hidimba, and the Ekanatheshwari Temple, which holds religious importance.&  Discover the stories of bravery, including the legendary tale of Onake Obavva, who defended the fort against invaders. & Engage with local folklore and traditional stories narrated by knowledgeable guides.

       2.2  Heritage walk :

The heritage walk in Chitradurga provides an engaging way to explore the city's deep       historical and cultural roots. This immersive journey through the city's ancient streets offers a chance to discover the architectural and cultural heritage that defines Chitradurga. From the imposing Chitradurga Fort to the peaceful temples scattered across the region, each site on the heritage walk narrates stories of past civilizations, royal legacies, and artistic craftsmanship.

Chitradurga, fondly referred to as the "Fort City," is an enchanting place in Karnataka, India, that offers a glimpse into the region's rich history and cultural heritage. A heritage walk through Chitradurga is a captivating journey that takes you through ancient forts, majestic temples, and vibrant local traditions. The walk takes you through the majestic Chitradurga Fort, renowned for its formidable seven concentric walls, intricate gateways, and hidden passages. Along the way, you visit historic temples like the Hidimbeshwara and Ekanatheshwari temples, each echoing tales of devotion and architectural splendor.

The fort's panoramic views and unique rock formations add to the scenic beauty, while the local legends, such as the story of Onake Obavva's bravery, enrich the experience. Engaging with local guides and artisans provides a deeper understanding of the region's cultural heritage. A heritage walk in Chitradurga is a captivating journey that blends historical insights, architectural wonders, and cultural immersion, making it a must-experience for any traveller



                                                           

                                                                      Fig 2.1

Exploring these historic sites during a heritage walk in Chitradurga  provides a deep dive into the region's rich history and cultural heritage.

           2.2 .1.  Chitradurga Fort:

·       Renowned for its massive fortifications with seven concentric walls.

·       Includes temples, gateways, water reservoirs, and secret passages.

            2.2.2.Hidimbeshwara Tempe:

·       Dedicated to Hidimba from the Mahabharata.

·       Features intricate carvings and is a significant religious site.

          2.2. 3. Onake Obavva's Place:

·       The site where Onake Obavva, a brave woman, defended the fort against invaders.

·       An iconic symbol of courage and valor

Overall, the heritage walk in Chitradurga's historic sites is a captivating blend of history,           culture, and natural beauty, making it an unforgettable experience for anyone who participates

2.3 Historical Significance of Chitradurga:

 Chitradurga, often referred to as the "Fort City," boasts a rich historical tapestry that        dates back to ancient times. The name "Chitradurga" is derived from "Chitrakaldurga," meaning "Picturesque Castle," which aptly describes the fort's dramatic rise from granite hills1. Archaeological evidence suggests that the area has been inhabited since the 3rd millennium B.C.

During the Mauryan Empire in the 3rd century B.C., Chitradurga was part of the empire, as evidenced by a rock-cut edict of Emperor Ashoka near Bharamagiri. Following the decline of the Mauryans, the region came under the rule of various dynasties, including the Rashtrakutas, Chalukyas, and Hoysalas1.

The fort gained prominence as a stronghold of the Vijayanagara Empire under the Nayakas (Palegars), who were known for their heroic exploits. Madakari Nayaka, one of the most eminent chieftains, played a significant role in consolidating power in the region1. The fort was later expanded and strengthened by Hyder Ali and his son Tipu Sultan in the 18th century.

Chitradurga's history is also intertwined with legends and folklore, such as the story of Onake Obavva, a brave woman who defended the fort against invaders using a pestle (onake). The fort's landscape, with its bold rock hills and picturesque valleys, adds to its historical allure1.

Overall, Chitradurga's historical significance lies in its role as a strategic military stronghold, its association with various ruling dynasties, and its rich cultural heritage that continues to captivate visitors and historians alike.

2.3.1 Chitradurga Fort:

Chitradurga Fort, also known as "Kallina Kote" or Stone Fortress, is a historical marvel located in Karnataka, India. This fort is renowned for its robust defense system, featuring seven concentric walls, massive gateways, and hidden passages. Built between the 10th and 18th centuries, it served as a strategic stronghold for various dynasties, including the Nayakas and the Vijayanagara Empire


Fig 2.2

The fort houses numerous temples, water reservoirs, and panoramic viewpoints, making it a fascinating site for history enthusiasts and tourists. Notable stories, such as the legend of Onake Obavva's bravery, add to its cultural significance. Chitradurga Fort offers a captivating blend of historical architecture, strategic design, and natural beauty.

2.3.2 Architectural Features of Chitradurga:

  Fortifications:

1.Seven Layers of Walls: The Chitradurga Fort is renowned for its seven concentric  walls,    providing robust defense and making it one of the most impregnable forts in India.

2.Bastions and Towers: Numerous bastions (strong points) and watchtowers are strategically placed around the fort for surveillance and defense.

  Gates and Entrances:

1.Impressive Gateways: The fort boasts several grand gates, each with intricate designs       and defensive features. The main entrance, known as the "Gali Mantapa," is particularly noteworthy.

2.Strategic Placement: The gates are strategically positioned to control access and enhance the fort’s security.


                                                                      Fig 2.3

2.3.3  Scenic Views and Natural Beauty of Chitradurga:

  Rock Formations:

   1.Unique and dramatic rock formations characterize the area.

   2.These natural features add to the fort's scenic beauty and historical significance

 Fig 2.4

Onake Obavva Kindi in Chitradurga:

Onake Obavva's bravery is a key part of Chitradurga's history, occurring during the 18th century when Hyder Ali's forces attempted to seize the Chitradurga Fort .&  Onake Obavva discovered enemy soldiers trying to infiltrate the fort through a small crevice or hole, known as the kindi, while she was fetching water. Using a pestle (onake), she courageously struck down each soldier attempting to enter, effectively thwarting the invasion

                                                                            Fig 2.5

Visitors to Chitradurga Fort can see the Onake Obavva Kindi and learn about her heroic actions through guided tours and informational plaques. The site serves as a reminder of the fort's strategic importance and the valor of its defenders.

2.3.4 Practical Information:

1.The ideal time to visit Chitradurga is from October to March when the weather is pleasant and cool

2. There are various accommodation options available, ranging from budget hotels to mid-range lodges. It's advisable to book in advance, especially during peak tourist seasons.

3. There is an entry fee for visiting the Chitradurga Fort and other historical sites. It's best to check for any recent changes in fees

4. Try local dishes like Ragi Mudde (ragi balls), Uppittu (spicy semolina), and various rice preparations. Local eateries offer authentic Karnataka flavors.

5. Explore nearby attractions like the Chandravalli Caves, Vani Vilas Sagar Dam, and other historical sites for a more comprehensive experience.

2.4 Craft Corners:

Craft Corner of Chitradurga:

Chitradurga, known for its rich cultural heritage, is also a hub for various traditional crafts. The craft corner of Chitradurga offers a glimpse into the region's artisanal skills and creative traditions.

Key Crafts:

1.     Woodwork:

o   Chitradurga is renowned for its intricate wooden carvings and furniture. Artisans skillfully craft doors, windows, and household items with detailed designs.

2.     Stone Carving:

o   The art of stone carving is prominent in Chitradurga, reflecting the architectural styles seen in the fort and temples. Craftsmen create sculptures, idols, and decorative items from stone.

3.     Handloom Weaving:

o   Traditional handloom weaving is an important craft in Chitradurga. The region produces beautiful sarees, textiles, and garments, characterized by unique patterns and vibrant colors.

4.     Pottery:

o   Pottery is another significant craft in Chitradurga. Local potters create a variety of earthenware, from everyday utensils to decorative pieces.

5.     Metal Craft:

             o The craft of metalwork involves making utensils, decorative items, and temple accessories using                 various metals like brass and copper. Artisans in Chitradurga are skilled in this traditional craft


                                               Fig  2.6

2.5 Conclusion:

Chitradurga Fort, built between the 10th and 18th centuries by various dynasties, is a symbol of Karnataka's rich history and architectural brilliance. Known for its seven concentric walls, intricate gateways, and bastions, the fort played a strategic role in battles against Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan. Its advanced water systems, temples, and granaries highlight the ingenuity of its builders, making it a significant cultural and historical landmark.





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